by Pets are found in almost every family. There are numerous dog breeds around the world. They differ in temperament, appearance, size and other qualities. Some are excellent guards, while others will become faithful companions.
Before you choose a puppy, you need to get acquainted with the breeds and learn about their main characteristics (size, character, coat, etc.). The type of food can be any (natural food, dry food), but it is necessary to take into account the activity and size of the animal.
When obtaining these animals, dogs of the Collie, Bernese Mountain Dog and Pyrenean Shepherd breeds were used. The homeland of Australians is the USA. Now these dogs are distributed all over the world. The breed has another name - Aussie.
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| Australian shepherd |
Characteristics:
Size: medium.
Height and weight: 46-58 cm, 17-30 kg.
Coat: thick, medium length.
Life expectancy: 12-15 years.
Type: companion, herding dog.
Cost: 15-50 tr.
Active and incredibly hardworking animals. They learn quickly and strive to please their owner. Australians are friendly to other animals and rarely show aggression. The color can be any, but tricolor (a combination of white, black and red) is more common.
Akita Inu :
A Japanese breed that was obtained in the province of Akita of the same name. In the past, these animals were taken to hunt large animals (bear, wild boar, deer). Initially, they were small in size, but after the infusion of mastiff blood, the growth of Akitas increased.

Peculiarities:
Size: large.
Height and weight: 58-70 cm, 21-40 kg.
Coat: Medium length, thick and coarse.
How long does it live: 9-14 years.
Purpose: companion.
Price: 35-60 t.r.
Quite large animals with a calm temperament. Akitas are a primitive breed, so they are quite difficult to train, but they are very attached to their family. Such a dog can live both in an apartment and in an enclosure.
INTERESTING! Different colors: brindle, red and fawn, white. On the face, chest, tail and limbs the fur has a lighter shade.
American Staffordshire Terrier :
A breed that was obtained in America and recognized in 1972. Active, brave and mobile animals. They are straightforward, persistent, but at the same time very trainable.

Description:
Size: medium.
Height and weight: 43-48 cm, 22-30 kg.
Wool: short.
Life expectancy: 13-15 years.
Type: companion.
Cost: 10-30 tr.
This breed is not suitable for a beginner, as its temperament is not easy to deal with. Amstaffs are not aggressive towards people, but can attack other animals. This can be corrected with proper training.
REFERENCE! Colors can be any, but white, liver and black and tan are undesirable.
English bulldog :
A truly English ancient breed. These animals were used for bull baiting. They have a unique and recognizable appearance. Stocky, powerful and compact animals, their muzzle is short and slightly flattened. The head is large and wide.

Characteristics:
Size: medium.
Height and weight: 50-55 cm, 22-25 kg.
Coat: short, hard.
How long does it live: 8-10 years.
Purpose: companion.
Price: 30-50 t.r.
Bulldogs are very calm, phlegmatic, and do not require active walks. They are quite friendly to both people and animals. Colors can be any (variegated, brindle, solid, etc.).
Basset Hound :
An English breed that was recognized in 1955. Their ancestors were used for hunting on foot. They made their way into the dense thickets and raised the beast. In the mid-19th century, these animals gained popularity among aristocrats.

Peculiarities:
Size: medium.
Height and weight: 33-38 cm, 18-30 kg.
Coat: short, smooth.
Life expectancy: 10-13 years.
Type: hunting.
Cost: 15-30 tr.
Basset Hounds have a unique appearance. They have a long body and short legs, but at the same time these dogs are very active and adventurous, train well and are in constant motion. A characteristic feature of Bassets is their very long and wide hanging ears.
INTERESTING! The color can be three-color or two-color. It is dominated by white, red and black colors.
Bernese Mountain Dog :
The homeland of animals is Switzerland. The name of the breed was given in 1910. Large, strong and active animals. Berns are very cheerful and loyal. They treat strangers with caution, but without aggression.

Description:
Size: large.
Height and weight: 58-70 cm, 35-50 kg.
Coat: long, soft, slightly wavy.
How long does it live: 8-12 years.
Purpose: shepherd, companion.
Price: 25-60 t.r.
Berns train well, but do not tolerate undue pressure. The color is strictly three-color. The main coat color is black, the muzzle and chest are white, and the limbs are brown. These animals take a long time to form; only by 2 years do they reach full maturity.
Beagle :
The breed was obtained in Great Britain. Dogs similar to beagles were found in ancient Greece, from where they were later brought to the British Isles, and then to the USA. The standard was adopted in 1957.
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| Beagle dog |
Characteristics:
Size: medium.
Height and weight: 33-40 cm, 9-14 kg.
Coat: short, smooth.
Life expectancy: 10-15 years.
Type: hunting, companion.
Cost: 30-50 tr.
These dogs are extremely energetic and curious. They constantly want to explore everything around them and are prone to escape, so you should keep her on a leash. Beagles are friendly to both people and dogs. The most common color is tricolor. The tip of the tail is always white.
Welsh Corgi :
Medium-sized animals native to Wales. There are two varieties: cardigan and pembroke. Corgis are active and loyal animals. They get along well with other pets and very rarely show aggression.
Peculiarities:
Size: medium.
Height and weight: 30 cm, 10-14 kg.
Coat: medium, smooth.
How long does it live: 12-15 years.
Purpose: shepherd, companion.
Price: 45-100 t.r.
All corgis love to play, but they are good at sensing the owner’s mood and are not inclined to force communication. Representatives of the breed are excellent at training. Different colors: red, black and tan, fawn, sable, brindle.
East European Shepherd :
A domestic breed, which was approved in 1964. To obtain it, German shepherds were used, which were exported from Germany. Orientals are moderately active and amenable to training.

Description:
Size: large.
Height and weight: 62-72 cm, 30-60 kg.
Wool: medium, hard.
Life expectancy: 10-13 years.
Type: service.
Cost: 15-30 tr.
A large, confident dog. East European Shepherds do not show excessive aggression, but have excellent guarding qualities. These animals are actively used for work in the police, customs, security services, etc.
REFERENCE! Color: saddleback, black, zoned (gray or red), black and tan.
Havanese Bichon :
The historical homeland of this breed is Cuba. There is a version that the ancestors of these animals were crossed with lapdogs and poodles. As a result of this work, dogs were obtained that are called Havanese Bichon.

Characteristics:
Size: miniature.
Height and weight: 22-27 cm, 3-6 kg.
Wool: long, soft.
How long does it live: 15-17 years.
Purpose: indoor, companion.
Price: 50-80 t.r.
A small, active and friendly dog with an attractive appearance. This animal is suitable for a family with small children. Havanese are in dire need of human company. Colors: white, fawn, brown, red-brown or any combination thereof.
Dalmatian Croatian breed :
Its name was given to the region of Dalmatia, which is located on the Balkan Peninsula. Scientists claim that such dogs have existed for many millennia, as ancient paintings with similar animals were found during excavations.

Peculiarities:
Size: medium.
Height and weight: 54-60 cm, 22-34 kg.
Coat: short, smooth.
Life expectancy: 10-12 years.
Type: hunting, companion.
Cost: 20-40 tr.
Powerful, hardy and active dog. Dalmatians are balanced, calm, and lend themselves well to all types of training. A special feature of the breed is its unique color: black or brown rounded spots the size of a coin are scattered on a white background.
Doberman :
A breed developed in Germany in 1890 and named after its creator. Initially, these animals were bred for police work. German Pinschers, Rottweilers, Belgian Shepherds and some beagles were used for creation.

Description:
Size: large.
Height and weight: 63-72 cm, 30-45 kg.
Coat: short, smooth.
How long does it live: 10-13 years.
Purpose: official.
Price: 15-40 t.r.
A large animal with a strong but slender body. Dobermans are very active and loyal to their owner. They are wary of strangers and can become aggressive. They are excellent at any type of training.
NOTE! Color: black or brown with red tan. Isabella and blue are rare.
West Siberian Laika :
The breed is a descendant of aboriginal huskies from Western Siberia. They have a very developed instinct of self-preservation. They show innate aggression towards wild and unfamiliar animals. Used to pursue predators, ungulates and fur-bearing animals.

Characteristics:
Size: large.
Height and weight: 50-65 cm, 17-25 kg.
Wool: medium, dense.
Life expectancy: 12-15 years.
Type: hunting.
Cost: 30-50 tr.
Excellent hunters, very hardy and active dogs. The constitution is dry, the bones are strong. West Siberian Laikas are balanced, but at the same time quite active. Colors: white, zone (red or gray), black, brown.
Golden retriever :
An English breed bred for hunting. The duty of the retrievers was to retrieve the shot birds. For the formation they used tweed water spaniel (these animals are now lost), setters and bloodhounds.

Peculiarities:
Size: large.
Height and weight: 50-61 cm, 25-45 kg.
Coat: long, soft, slightly wavy.
How long does it live: 10-12 years.
Purpose: hunting, rescue, guide, companion.
Price: 15-40 t.r.
A large animal with a harmonious physique. Retrievers are hardy and very hardworking. They are incredibly kind and affectionate, never show aggression, take part in games with pleasure, and almost never bark. Golden color of varying saturation.
Irish Wolfhound :
The homeland of these animals is Ireland. Their breeding was carried out by the Celts, who were interested in obtaining large hunting dogs. They were originally called greyhounds, but in the 15th century they were given the name Irish Wolfhound.

Description:
Size: giant.
Height and weight: from 71 cm and above, 40-65 kg.
Wool: medium length, hard.
Life expectancy: 8-10 years.
Type: hunting.
Cost: 50-90 tr.
One of the tallest dogs in the world. The minimum height limit for males is 79 cm. Despite their size, these dogs are very peaceful and calm. Colors can be different: fawn, black, gray, red, brindle, wheaten, red.
Spanish Mastiff :
The homeland of these animals is Spain. To obtain the breed, they used ancient herding, guard and fighting dogs, including the Pyrenees Mountains. The main purpose of these mastiffs was to guard farms, but they were also used to hunt bear and wild boar.

Characteristics: Size: giant.
Height and weight: from 75-80 cm, 45-60 kg.
Wool: medium, thick.
How long does it live: 10-11 years.
Purpose: shepherd and guard.
Price: 50-70 t.r.
A strong, brave and confident dog. Does not show aggression towards family members, but is wary of strangers and animals. Mastiffs are not very active, but need regular long, quiet walks. Color: gray, apricot, red, fawn, brindle, black.
Yorkshire Terrier :
Animals native to England. They were received in Yorkshire. Representatives of Maltese, Manchester Terriers, Skye Terriers, etc. were used to create the breed. The first Yorkies were larger than modern ones and weighed about 7 kg.

Peculiarities:
Size: miniature.
Height and weight: 18-20 cm, 3-3.2 kg.
Coat: long, silky, straight.
Life expectancy: 13-15 years.
Type: companion.
Cost: 20-40 tr.
Small and active dogs. Feature: complete absence of undercoat. It is believed that Yorkies' fur is similar in structure to human hair, as it hardly falls out and grows throughout its life. These dogs are brave, curious and friendly to others.
INTERESTING! The fur on the back and sides is a steel-blue color, with a darker shade on the tail. On the chest, limbs, head and ears it is red-brown.
Caucasian Shepherd :
Dog
A breed obtained in the Caucasus. Its ancestors are ancient herding dogs. It was formed over centuries by natural selection. Selection work with Caucasian Shepherds began only at the beginning of the 20th century.

Description:
Size: large.
Height and weight: 64-75 cm, 45-70 kg.
Coat: any length, dense, with a thick undercoat.
How long does it live: 10-13 years.
Purpose: security guard.
Price: 15-30 t.r.
Brave, large, dangerous and independent animals. Their main task is to protect livestock and private territory from wild animals and strangers. These shepherds only show aggression when in danger. Colors: red, brown, fawn, gray, white.
Cane Corso :
The oldest Italian breed. Its ancestors are considered to be ancient Roman fighting dogs. These animals were almost lost, but several breeders were able to find purebred representatives and revived the breed.

Characteristics:
Size: large.
Height and weight: 60-68 cm, 40-50 kg.
Coat: short, smooth.
Life expectancy: 11-14 years.
Type: security, bodyguard, companion.
Cost: 30-60 tr.
Hardy, strong and smart dogs. They have innate protective qualities and instantly react to a threat, but they will not attack without reason. These animals are not suitable for beginners. Colors can be different: black, gray in different shades, red, brindle.
Chinese Crested Dog :
There are many speculations about the origin of these animals. Archaeologists have found skulls of similar ancient dogs in Mexico and China. In the middle of the 19th century, this breed was considered extinct, but it was possible to revive it thanks to several surviving animals.

Peculiarities:
Size: miniature.
Height and weight: 23-33 cm, 3-5 kg.
Wool: most dogs have no fur; in downy dogs it is soft and veil-like.
How long does it live: 13-18 years.
Purpose: companion.
Price: 15-40 t.r.
Active, cheerful and loving dogs. They are wonderful companions and train well. Hairless Chinese dogs have hair on their limbs, tail and head. Downy ones are completely covered with soft wool. Any colors are allowed.
Komondor Another name is Hungarian Shepherd :
It is believed that these animals lived near the Black Sea and belonged to the Magyar tribes. They used such dogs to guard sheep. In the 19th century, these animals almost disappeared, but American breeders helped revive the breed.

Description:
Size: large.
Height and weight: from 65 cm, 40-60 kg.
Wool: long, collected in cords.
Life expectancy: 10-13 years.
Type: shepherd.
Average cost: 30-60 tr.
These animals have a calm and balanced temperament. They are highly trainable, but they tend to make decisions on their own. A special feature is the unique wool woven into cords. The standard provides only white color.
Labrador Retriever :
The ancestors of Labradors lived on the island of Newfoundland, where they helped local fishermen. Several of these dogs were later brought to Britain. Subsequently, their crossing with a curly-coated retriever and a setter resulted in animals that were called Labradors.

Characteristics:
Size: medium.
Height and weight: 54-58 cm, 25-35 kg.
Coat: medium, thick, straight.
How long does it live: 10-12 years.
Purpose: hunting, companion.
Price: 20-50 t.r.
Labradors are very energetic, strong and good-natured. These dogs have an excellent sense of smell and love water. When hunting, they carefully present the game to the owner. Due to their excellent trainability, they are used as rescuers, guide dogs and search engines.
REFERENCE! Only three colors of Labradors are allowed: fawn, black and chocolate.
Leonberger :
The breed received its name in honor of the German city of Leonberg, where it was bred. The blood of these animals contains the blood of St. Bernards, Pyrenean mountain dogs and Landseers. The breed was recognized in 1905.

Peculiarities:
Size: large.
Height and weight: 65-80 cm, 30-50 kg.
Coat: long, straight, dense.
Life expectancy: 10-12 years.
Type: companion.
Cost: 50-70 tr.
A large but harmoniously built dog. These animals have a soft, friendly character. They do not show aggression, learn quickly, and are very devoted to their family. The color is red in different shades, a black mask is required.
Maltese :
Another name is Maltese. Considered ancient. Breeders believe that its ancestors lived on the island of Malta. There is a version that small spaniels and toy poodles were used to improve the breed.

Description:
Size: miniature.
Height and weight: 20-25 cm, 3-4 kg.
Coat: long, soft, slightly wavy.
How long does it live: 14-17 years.
Purpose: decorative, companion.
Price: 60-120 t.r.
Peaceful, active, intelligent dogs. They love to walk and take part in any games with pleasure. The Maltese will be an excellent companion for both adults and children. Color - only white.
Pug Chinese ancient breed ;
These dogs are mentioned in Chinese manuscripts. Their distribution began in the 16th century, when several individuals came to France. After this, the breed began to be recognized throughout the world.

Characteristics:
Size: small.
Height and weight: 28-32 cm, 6-8 kg.
Coat: smooth, short.
Life expectancy: 13-15 years.
Type: companion.
Cost: 15-30 tr.
Balanced, but quite active small dogs with a recognizable appearance. They are friendly to both their family members and strangers. These dogs need increased attention to their health, as they are prone to eye diseases and obesity.
INTERESTING! Acceptable colors: fawn and silver with a black mask, black.
German Shepherd :
The homeland of these animals is Germany. They were obtained by crossing various herd dogs. German Shepherds were used as shepherds and livestock guards. The first standard was compiled in 1899, and later it was rewritten several times.
Peculiarities:
Size: large.
Height and weight: 55-65 cm, 20-40 kg.
Wool: medium, long.
How long does it live: 12-15 years.
Purpose: shepherd, service, guard, companion.
Price: 15-40 t.r.
There are currently two lines of German Shepherds: show and working. They differ in both temperament and appearance. These animals are very devoted to their family, wary of strangers and capable of showing aggression when threatened.
NOTE! Acceptable colors: saddleback, black and tan, black, zone (gray or red).
German boxer :
Breed obtained in Germany. Representatives of English bulldogs and Brabant fighting dogs were used to breed them. The breed received its name only in 1860-1870. These animals were actively used in the army as signalmen, sappers, and scouts.

Description:
Size: large.
Height and weight: 53-63 cm, 25-40 kg.
Coat: short, smooth.
Life expectancy: 9-15 years.
Type: service, companion.
Cost: 35-60 tr.
A smart, brave and attentive dog. These animals learn well and quickly and are amenable to any type of training, including protective ones. Boxers have a positive attitude towards people, love communication, and show aggression only in extreme cases.
REFERENCE! Colors: brindle, fawn, red. White markings on the chest and legs are acceptable.
German dog :
The oldest and one of the largest German breeds today. The ancestors of Great Danes are considered to be wild boar dogs and bulldogs. The first standard was adopted in 1880. Until this year, such dogs were called differently: Great Dane, Hunting Dane, boar dog, etc.

Characteristics:
Size: giant.
Height and weight: 72-90 cm, 50-80 kg.
Coat: short, smooth.
How long does it live: 8-10 years.
Purpose: companion, bodyguard.
Price: 30-60 t.r.
A large, powerful and harmoniously built dog with a large and expressive head. These animals are not prone to aggression; they are cool and wary of strangers. Great Danes are very devoted to their family, do not tolerate loneliness well, and are rather slow.
INTERESTING! Colors: fawn, harlequin (black spots on a white background), brindle, black, blue.
Newfoundland :
The homeland of these animals is the island of the same name, Newfoundland. There are several versions of the origin of the breed, and according to some, local wolves were crossed with mastiffs and water dogs.

Peculiarities:
Size: giant.
Height and weight: from 66 cm, 54-70 kg.
Wool: long, thick.
Life expectancy: 8-10 years.
Type: rescuer, companion.
Cost: 40-60 tr.
A massive, large and very intelligent dog, prone to making decisions on its own. These animals are absolutely devoid of aggression towards people. Newfoundlands are excellent rescuers; they are not afraid of water, fire, or loud noises. Colors: black, brown, black and white.
Pekingese :
The oldest sacred Chinese dog breed. They were obtained more than 2 thousand years ago in the city of Beijing. They were kept in palaces and belonged to the Chinese emperors. The breed became widespread after the British took several dogs to Europe.

Description:
Size: miniature.
Height and weight: 15-25 cm, 3-6 kg.
Coat: long, straight.
How long does it live: 13-17 years.
Purpose: companion.
Price: 10-20 t.r.
The Pekingese is a royal dog, and the character corresponds to its origin. He loves when all the attention is paid only to him. If a dog is prohibited from doing many things, he protests, chews and throws things around. These animals are independent, and it is quite difficult to earn their loyalty.
NOTE! The most common color is red, but it can also be black, fawn or multi-colored. White Pekingese are rare.
Pomeranian Spitz :
Spitz-shaped dogs were kept by farmers as guards and shepherds. Small puppies were initially rejected, but then breeders paid attention to them. Thus began work on obtaining a Pomeranian dwarf Spitz.

Characteristics:
Size: dwarf.
Height and weight: 18-25 cm, 2-3.5 kg.
Coat: long, straight, lush.
Life expectancy: 14-17 years.
Type: companion.
Cost: 20-60 tr.
Playful, active and good-natured dogs. They are brave, able to stand up for themselves, and strive to dominate, so they need training. Spitz love to play and need long and active walks. Colors: red, white, sable.
Poodle :
One of the smartest breeds that was bred in France. Initially, poodles were used as hunting dogs, but nowadays these dogs are considered decorative.

Peculiarities:
Size: dwarf, medium, large.
Height and weight: 24-60 cm, 2-30 kg (indicators depend on the variety).
Wool: long, curly.
How long does it live: 10-18 years.
Purpose: companion.
Price: 25-40 t.r.
There are four types of poodles: large or royal (45-60 cm at the withers), medium (35-45 cm), dwarf (28-35 cm), toy (less than 28 cm). These dogs are distinguished by unique intelligence, are excellent at training, and are very devoted to their family.
REFERENCE! Poodle colors: black, brown, white, silver, red, black and white (harlequin), black and tan (phantom). The coat can be of two types: curly or corded.
Giant Schnauzer :
The ancestors of these giant schnauzers are large herding dogs from the rural areas of Bavaria and Württemberg. Wire-haired Shepherd Dogs and Bouviers de Flandres were also used in breeding work.

Description:
Size: giant.
Height and weight: 60-70 cm, 35-50 kg.
Coat: medium, curly.
Life expectancy: 12-15 years.
Type: service, security guard.
Cost: 30-50 tr.
A large, confident, brave dog. These animals are balanced and learn quickly. The dog matures completely by 2 years. Giant Schnauzers rarely show aggression, but have good guard qualities. Colors: black and black-silver (“pepper and salt”).
Rottweiler :
An ancient breed obtained in the south of Russia. It was bred by livestock specialist F. Falz-Fein. He used local greyhounds in breeding, which gave the South Russian Shepherd tall height, white coat color, and lighter bones.
Characteristics:
Size: large.
Height and weight: 60-70 cm, 35-50 kg.
Wool: long, soft.
How long does it live: 10-13 years.
Purpose: official.
Price: 30-40 t.r.
These dogs are self-sufficient and often make decisions on their own. They have strong protective qualities and can show aggression towards strangers. Color white, light grey. Gray or fawn spots are allowed.
Japanese Chin :
A Japanese breed, which was produced using Pekingese and Tibetan spaniels. These dogs were favorites of the nobility; their images can be found on figurines and porcelain vases. Japanese chins came to Europe in the 17th century.
Peculiarities:
Size: dwarf.
Height and weight: 20-25 cm, 1.8-3 kg.
Wool: long, soft.
Life expectancy: 10-12 years.
Type: companion.
Cost: 20-30 tr.
Unobtrusive, calm, active dogs. Japanese Chins are quite delicate, do not impose their communication, and rarely bark. They adapt to their family's lifestyle. Chins are friendly, but do not tolerate familiar treatment, especially from strangers.
REFERENCE! The color of the Japanese Chin is white with red or black spots. There must be a white stripe from the forehead to the nose.
Japanese Spitz :
The breed was obtained at the beginning of the 20th century in Japan. A direct relative is the German Spitz. During the selection work, medium-sized white Spitz dogs were used, and in 1977 the breed was officially recognized.
Description:
Size: medium.
Height and weight: 28-40 cm, 10-18 kg.
Coat: long, straight.
How long does it live: 10-16 years.
Purpose: companion.
Price: 15-30 t.r.
Perky, active and loyal dogs. They need constant contact with family members. Spitz love to walk, take part in any games, and are friendly to children. The coat color can only be white.
There are many factors to consider when choosing a pet. Decorative dogs will not be able to guard the territory, and large animals will be uncomfortable in a small apartment. Each of the breeds is good, don’t you agree?
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